He has questioned the extension of voting hours and alleged irregularities at polling stations, but has not so far presented evidence to support his claims. The dispute comes as world leaders, including Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, congratulate Lula on his re-election.
The election campaign was dominated by the cost of living, crime and corruption allegations. Lula’s victory also keeps the country on a foreign policy path that favours stronger ties with China and other Global South nations, with potential implications for relations with US President Donald Trump.